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      <title>CQUADR</title>
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      <div class="title_refTopic" id="xps10_pagetitle">CQUADR </div>
      <hr noshade="true">
      <h4 class="refClassification">Quadrilateral Plate Element Connection </h4>
      <p class="para_refTopic">Defines an isoparametric membrane and bending quadrilateral plate element. This element is less sensitive to initial distortion and extreme values of Poisson&rsquo;s ratio than the CQUAD4 element.  It is a companion to the CTRIAR element. </p>
      <div class="title_refCategory">Format: </div>
      <div class="refCategoryContent">
         <table border="1" width="100%" align="center">
            <colgroup span="1">
               <col span="1" width="10.84*">
               <col span="1" width="9.91*">
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               <col span="1" width="9.91*">
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
               <tr>
                  <th align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_th">1 </p>
                  </th>
                  <th align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_th">2 </p>
                  </th>
                  <th align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_th">3 </p>
                  </th>
                  <th align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_th">4 </p>
                  </th>
                  <th align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_th">5 </p>
                  </th>
                  <th align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_th">6 </p>
                  </th>
                  <th align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_th">7 </p>
                  </th>
                  <th align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_th">8 </p>
                  </th>
                  <th align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_th">9 </p>
                  </th>
                  <th align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_th">10 </p>
                  </th>
               </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
               <tr>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">CQUADR </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">EID </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">PID </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">G1 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">G2 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">G3 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">G4 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">THETA or MCID </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">ZOFFS </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">&nbsp; </p>
                  </td>
               </tr>
               <tr>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">&nbsp; </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" bgcolor="gray" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">&nbsp; </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">TFLAG </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">T1 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">T2 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">T3 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">T4 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" bgcolor="gray" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">&nbsp; </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" bgcolor="gray" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">&nbsp; </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" bgcolor="gray" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">&nbsp; </p>
                  </td>
               </tr>
            </tbody>
         </table><br></div>
      <div class="title_refCategory">Example: </div>
      <div class="refCategoryContent">
         <table border="1" width="100%" align="center">
            <colgroup span="1">
               <col span="1" width="11.01*">
               <col span="1" width="9.89*">
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               <col span="1" width="9.89*">
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               <col span="1" width="9.89*">
               <col span="1" width="9.89*">
               <col span="1" width="9.89*">
               <col span="1" width="9.89*">
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            </colgroup>
            <tbody>
               <tr>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">CQUADR </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">82 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">203 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">31 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">74 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">75 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">32 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">2.6 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">&nbsp; </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">&nbsp; </p>
                  </td>
               </tr>
               <tr>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">&nbsp; </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">&nbsp; </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">&nbsp; </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">1.77 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">2.04 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">2.09 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">1.80 </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">&nbsp; </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">&nbsp; </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_td">&nbsp; </p>
                  </td>
               </tr>
            </tbody>
         </table><br></div>
      <div class="title_refCategory">Fields:</div>
      <div class="refCategoryContent">
         <table cellpadding="9" width="100%" align="center">
            <colgroup span="1">
               <col span="1" width="16*">
               <col span="1" width="84*">
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
               <tr>
                  <th align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_th"><b class="uiTerm">Field </b></p>
                  </th>
                  <th align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                     <p class="para_th"><b class="uiTerm">Contents </b></p>
                  </th>
               </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
               <tr>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">EID </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">Element identification number.  (Integer &gt; 0) </p>
                  </td>
               </tr>
               <tr>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">PID </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">Property identification number of a PSHELL or PCOMP entry.  See Remark <a class="links" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="top.openFile('QRG/14topic_18.html#refJWziq11lori');return(false);">29-10</a> (Integer &gt; 0; Default = EID). 
                     </p>
                  </td>
               </tr>
               <tr>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">Gi </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">Grid point identification numbers of connection points.  (Integers &gt; 0, all unique) </p>
                  </td>
               </tr>
               <tr>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">THETA </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">Material property orientation angle in degrees.  See <a class="links" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="top.openFile('QRG/14topic_18.html#ref45075');return(false);">Figure 13-</a>.  (Real; Default = 0) 
                     </p>
                  </td>
               </tr>
               <tr>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">MCID </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">Material coordinate system identification number.  The x-axis of the material coordinate system is determined by projecting the x-axis of the MCID coordinate system (defined by the CORDij entry or zero for the basic coordinate system) onto the surface of the element.  (Integer &ge; 0;  If blank, then THETA = 0.0 is assumed.) </p>
                  </td>
               </tr>
               <tr>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">ZOFFS </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">Offset from the surface of grid points to the element reference plane. See Remark <a class="links" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="top.openFile('QRG/14topic_18.html#ref29123');return(false);">29-6. </a> (Real) 
                     </p>
                  </td>
               </tr>
            </tbody>
         </table><br><a name="ref85483"></a><div class="figure">
            <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/bulkc2-fig15.gif"></p>
         </div>
         <div class="title_figure">Figure. MCID Coordinate System Definition </div>
         <table cellpadding="8" width="100%" align="center">
            <colgroup span="1">
               <col span="1" width="17.04*">
               <col span="1" width="82.96*">
            </colgroup>
            <tbody>
               <tr>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">TFLAG </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">Integer Flag which specifies how Ti is used to define membrane thickness of element (0, 1, or blank). </p>
                  </td>
               </tr>
               <tr>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">Ti </p>
                  </td>
                  <td align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
                     <p class="para_td">Membrane thickness of element at grid points G1 through G4 if TFLAG=0 or blank. If TFLAG=1, membrane thickness becomes a product of Ti and the thickness on the PSHELL card. Ti is ignored for hyperelastic elements.  (Real &ge; 0.0 or blank, not all zero.  See Remark <a class="links" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="top.openFile('QRG/14topic_18.html#ref82374d');return(false);">29-4. </a> for the default.) 
                     </p>
                  </td>
               </tr>
            </tbody>
         </table><br></div>
      <div class="title_refCategory">Remarks: </div>
      <div class="refCategoryContent">
         <ol type="1" start="1">
            <li>
               <p class="para_item">Element identification numbers should be unique with respect to all other element identification numbers. </p>
            </li>
            <li>
               <p class="para_item">Grid points G1 through G4 must be ordered consecutively around the perimeter of the element. </p>
            </li>
            <li>
               <p class="para_item">All the interior angles must be less than 180&deg;. </p>
            </li>
            <li><a name="ref82374d"></a><p class="para_item">The continuation is optional.  If it is not supplied, then T1 through T4 will be set equal to the value of T on the PSHELL entry. </p>
            </li>
            <li>
               <p class="para_item">Stresses and strains are output in the element coordinate system at the centroid unless the CORNER or CUBIC entry is specified on the STRESS case control card. Specifying CORNER or CUBIC will result in stresses at grid points G1 through G4. </p>
            </li>
            <li><a name="ref29123"></a><p class="para_item">Elements may be offset from the connection points by means of ZOFFS.  Other data, such as material matrices and stress fiber locations, are given relative to the reference plane.  A positive value of ZOFFS implies that the element reference plane is offset a distance of ZOFFS along the positive z-axis of the element coordinate system.  If the ZOFFS field is used, then the MID1 and MID2 fields must be specified on the PSHELL entry referenced by PID.</p>
            </li>
            <li>
               <p class="para_item">The rotational degrees-of-freedom normal to the element are active in the element formulation and must not be constrained unless at a boundary.  Inaccurate results will be obtained if they are constrained. </p>
            </li>
            <li>
               <p class="para_item">For a static analysis, this element provides better answers for nonrectangular elements than the CQUAD4 element.  It has not been fully implemented for other types of analysis such as nonlinear.  See <a class="links" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="top.popUpPage('QRG/linkInter_target_not_resolved.html#element:ref10852:-aux,-home','linkInter','menubar=yes,status=yes,resizable=yes,toolbar=yes,scrollbars=yes,location=no,directories=no');return(false);">&ldquo;Element Summary &ndash; Small Strain Elements&rdquo;</a> in the <em>NXNastran Element Library </em>for a list of supported capabilities. 
               </p>
            </li>
            <li>
               <p class="para_item">The CTRIAR element is the triangular companion to the CQUADR element and should be used instead of CTRlA3 or CTRlA6. </p><a name="ref45075"></a><div class="figure">
                  <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/bulkc2-fig16.gif"></p>
               </div>
               <div class="title_figure">Figure. CQUADR Element Geometry and Coordinate Systems </div>
            </li>
            <li><a name="refJWziq11lori"></a><p class="para_item">It is recommended that the CQUADR element be used to model flat surfaces only. </p>
            </li>
         </ol>
      </div>
      <div class="title_refCategory">Remarks related to SOL 601: </div>
      <div class="refCategoryContent">
         <ol type="1" start="1">
            <li>
               <p class="para_item">ZOFFs is ignored. </p>
            </li>
            <li>
               <p class="para_item">CQUADR can only be used in linear analysis. It is recommended that CQUAD4 be used instead of CQUADR in SOL 601 analysis. </p>
            </li>
         </ol>
      </div>
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