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      <title>Groove Control</title>
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      <div class="title_topic4" id="xps10_pagetitle">Groove Control</div>
      <hr noshade="true">
      <p class="para_topic">Groove Control defines the two basic modes of Lathe Groove; Automatic and Plunge. Automatic allows you to define grooves by selecting boundary geometry. Plunge allows you to define grooves by entering numeric values and does not require any modeled geometry. Each of these two options is described below.</p>
      <div class="title_division"> Automatic</div>
      <p class="para_division">Automatic allows you to define multiple grooves by selecting a boundary for each groove. The boundary defines the shape and dimensions of each groove. You may perform both roughing and finishing cuts along the boundary.</p>
      <div class="title_division">Valid Groove Shapes</div>
      <p class="para_division">Generally, a groove is defined by a boundary that has one or more segments defining an area into which the tool can be inserted. Boundary segments may be lines, arcs, conics, or splines. A groove may have steps or various levels.</p>
      <p class="para_division">Grooves can be either single sided or double sided. Double sided grooves may be used in both roughing and finishing operations. Single sided grooves, however, can only be used in finishing operations. The following figure shows examples of valid double sided groove shapes.</p>
      <div class="figure">
         <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/lathe/lgroov_grofi14.gif"></p>
      </div>
      <div class="title_figure">Valid Double Sided Groove Shapes for Roughing and Finishing</div>
      <p class="para_division">The &quot;shoulders&quot; of a double sided groove determine the depth of the groove as well as the location of the material to be removed. Each groove has two shoulders. The shoulders of the groove occur on each side at the point where the boundary segment starts to slope in towards the bottom of the groove.</p>
      <div class="figure">
         <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/lathe/lgroov_grofi13.gif"></p>
      </div>
      <div class="title_figure">Defining the Shoulders of a Groove</div>
      <p class="para_division">The lowest shoulder marks the beginning of the material to be removed as illustrated below.</p>
      <div class="figure">
         <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/lathe/lgroov_grofi12.gif"></p>
      </div>
      <div class="title_figure">Groove Depth</div>
      <p class="para_division">Single sided grooves can only be used for finishing operations (Cut Type must be set to Finish Only). They cannot be used for roughing operations. A single sided groove is a groove that can be finished with a single downward contour direction. The following figure shows examples of valid single sided groove shapes.</p>
      <div class="figure">
         <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/lathe/lgroov_grofi11.gif"></p>
      </div>
      <div class="title_figure">Valid Single Sided Groove Shapes for Finishing</div>
      <table border="0">
         <tr>
            <td valign="top" align="left"><img align="left" src="../graphics/note.gif" alt="Note" title="Note"></td>
            <td valign="bottom" align="left" width="100%">
               <div class="para_note">
                  <p class="para_note_body"> NOTE: Single sided grooves cannot contain smaller two-sided grooves inside of them.</p>
               </div>
            </td>
         </tr>
      </table>
      <p class="para_division">The higher end of the single sided groove boundary defines the shoulder and the starting point. Any horizontal segments at the top are ignored. The lower end defines the bottom of the groove. The stopping point for the tool is be defined as the first point where some part of the tool contacts the end point of the boundary.</p>
      <div class="figure">
         <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/lathe/lgroov_grofi10.gif"></p>
      </div>
      <div class="title_figure">Starting and Stopping Point of a Single Sided Groove</div>
      <div class="title_division">Invalid Groove Shapes</div>
      <p class="para_division">A double sided groove boundary may not have any segment that is &quot;higher&quot; than both its shoulders as illustrated below.</p>
      <div class="figure">
         <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/lathe/lgroov_grofi09.gif"></p>
      </div>
      <div class="title_figure">Invalid Double Sided Groove Shapes</div>
      <p class="para_division">The system will not be able to process any groove that has a segment higher than either of the shoulders. The system will display the following error if a boundary that has sections that are above the &quot;top&quot; of the groove:</p><pre class="indent">A Portion of the Groove Boundary is Too High.</pre><p class="para_division">If you try to cut a groove that has undercut areas, the system will generate the following warning message:</p><pre class="indent">Groove Boundary Contains Undercuts.</pre><div class="figure">
         <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/lathe/lgroov_grofi08.gif"></p>
      </div>
      <div class="title_figure">Invalid Groove Shapes</div>
      <p class="para_division">The system will continue to process the groove, but the undercut areas will not be machined.</p>
      <p class="para_division">For single sided grooves, boundaries where it is not clear which side must be machined cannot be handled. Following are some examples of this. In each case it is impossible for the processor to determine if the actual groove is on the right side or left side of the boundary.</p>
      <div class="figure">
         <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/lathe/lgroov_grofi07.gif"></p>
      </div>
      <div class="title_figure">Invalid Single Sided Groove Shapes</div>
      <div class="title_division"> Cut Type</div>
      <p class="para_division">Cut Type toggles between ROUGH ONLY, ROUGH AND FINISH, and FINISH ONLY.</p>
      <p class="para_division">ROUGH ONLY cuts the groove using the specified Cut Method.</p>
      <p class="para_division">ROUGH AND FINISH roughs the groove out using the specified Cut Method and then performs one finish pass in the manner specified in the Contour Direction option, discussed below.</p>
      <p class="para_division">FINISH ONLY performs one finish pass in the manner specified in the Contour Dir option, discussed below.</p>
      <div class="title_division"> Cut Method</div>
      <p class="para_division">Cut Method allows you to determine the cut pattern by specifying a Plunge or Level cut method in combination with a one-way or two way cut direction. The available Cut Method options vary slightly depending on the Type of Work option selected. If the Type of Work is Outside Diameter or Inside Diameter, the following Cut Method Options display.</p>
      <ul>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Plunge Alternate</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Plunge Left to Right</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Plunge Right to Left</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Level Zig-Zag</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Level Left to Right</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Level Right to Left</p>
         </li>
      </ul>
      <p class="para_division">If the selected Type of Work is Face Groove, the following Cut Method Options display.</p>
      <ul>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Plunge Alternate</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Plunge Upper to Lower</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Plunge Lower to Upper</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Level Zig-Zag</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Level Upper to Lower</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Level Lower to Upper</p>
         </li>
      </ul>
      <p class="para_division">Plunge cut methods allow you cut the groove using a series of movements along the tool holder length. The First Cut is also the feed rate for every Plunge cut into full material. For Outside Diameter and Inside Diameter grooves, The system provides the following options to determine the direction of the plunges:</p>
      <p class="para_division">Level cut methods allow you cut the groove using a series of movements along the width.</p>
      <p class="para_division">Left to Right (or Top to Bottom) allows you to rough out the groove in a series of levels. Each pass of the tool starts left (or at the top) and moves towards the right (or the bottom).</p>
      <p class="para_division">Right to Left (or Bottom to Top) allows you to rough out the groove in a series of levels. Each pass of the tool starts right (or at the bottom) and moves towards the left (or the top).</p>
      <p class="para_division">Zig-Zag allows you to rough out the groove in a series of levels by zigzagging into the groove.</p>
      <p class="para_division">The methods available when choosing Cut Method can be separated into the following categories:</p>
      <ul>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Plunge Cutting</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Roughing by Level</p>
         </li>
      </ul>
      <p class="para_division">You may rough out a groove one level at a time by choosing one of the following:</p>
      <ul>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Left to Right</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Right to Left</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Zig-Zag</p>
         </li>
      </ul>
      <p class="para_division">For face grooves choose either Top to Bottom, Bottom to Top, or Zig-Zag as illustrated below.</p>
      <p class="para_division">You may rough out a groove using a series of plunge cuts by choosing Plunge as illustrated below.</p>
      <div class="figure">
         <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/lathe/lgroov_grofi06.gif"></p>
      </div>
      <div class="title_figure">Different Roughing Methods</div>
      <p class="para_division">The following table summarizes the available cut method options:</p>
      <table border="1" cellspacing="0" width="70%" align="center">
         <tr>
            <td colspan="3" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_td">Cut By Level</p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <th colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_th">Typical Grooves</p>
            </th>
            <th colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_th">Face Grooves</p>
            </th>
            <th colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_th">Examples</p>
            </th>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_td">wLeft to Right</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_td">wTop to Bottom</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/lathe/lgroov_figlgpg10.gif"></p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_td">wRight to Left</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_td">wBottom to Top</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/lathe/lgroov_figlgpg10a.gif"></p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_td">wZig-Zag</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_td">wZig-Zag</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/lathe/lgroov_grofi05.gif"></p>
            </td>
         </tr>
      </table><br><table border="1" cellspacing="0" width="70%" align="center">
         <tr>
            <th bgcolor="#000080" colspan="3" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_th">Plunge Cutting</p>
            </th>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <th colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_th">Typical Grooves</p>
            </th>
            <th colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_th">Face Grooves</p>
            </th>
            <th colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_th">Examples</p>
            </th>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_td">wAlternate</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_td">wAlternate</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/lathe/lgroov_grofi04.gif"></p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_td">wLeft to Right</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_td">wTop to Bottom</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/lathe/lgroov_grofi03.gif"></p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_td">wRight to Left</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p class="para_td">wBottom to Top</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="top">
               <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/lathe/lgroov_grofi02.gif"></p>
            </td>
         </tr>
      </table><br><p class="para_division">Notice that even in the methods that remove a level at a time, the tool retracts to a Minimum Clearance value before starting the next pass.</p>
      <div class="title_division">Multiple Cut Sections</div>
      <p class="para_division">Sometimes it is not possible to machine an entire level with a single cut pass because the groove is broken down into separate pockets or sections. In these cases, the system will continue to machine out the side where it started and then move to the other cut sections.</p>
      <p class="para_division">The following figure illustrates how the system will machine out one entire side of the groove before proceeding to the next cutting section.</p>
      <div class="figure">
         <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/lathe/lgroov_grofi01.gif"></p>
      </div>
      <div class="title_figure">Cut Sections in a Groove</div>
      <div class="title_division"> Auto Method</div>
      <p class="para_division">Auto Method enables you to control stepover distance of the tool when roughing. This option is only available when Cut Type is set to Rough Only or Rough and Finish. The status of auto method toggles between Stepover and Percentage. This option works in combination with the option just below it which allows you to enter the corresponding stepover distance or percentage of the width of the groove tool.</p>
      <p class="para_division">The stepover direction is dependent on the specified cut method. When plunge cutting, the stepover is measured along the tool holder width. When cutting by level, the stepover is measured along the tool holder length as illustrated below.</p>
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