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      <title>Create a roughing operation</title>
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      <div class="title_topic2" id="xps10_pagetitle">Create a roughing operation</div>
      <hr noshade="true">
      <p class="para_topic">Here's how an expert user describes the task of creating a simple OD Roughing Operation in Turning.</p>
      <div class="title_division">Tasks I Completed Prior to Creating Roughing Operation</div>
      <ul>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Oriented the part model on the screen as desired (setup).</p>
            <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/create_op_part_blank.gif"></p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Defined the machine axes and program zero using the MCS (setup).</p>
            <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/create_op_mcs_setup.gif"></p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Defined the part and blank geometry to the CAM system (setup).</p>
            <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/create_op_bound_setup.gif"></p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Defined the roughing tool (setup).</p>
            <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/create_op_rough_tool.gif"></p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Created a facing operation to face off the part. &nbsp;</p>
         </li>
      </ul>
      <div class="title_division">Creating an OD Roughing Operation</div>
      <ol type="1" start="1">
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Set the operation navigator to the program order view.</p>
            <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/create_op_op_nav.gif"></p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Find the creation icons in the tool bar and select the Create Operation icon.</p>
            <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/create_op_create_icons.gif"></p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">When the Create Operation dialog appears, I make sure that the Type on that dialog is set to Turning.</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Within the icon cluster on that same Create Operation dialog, I select the ROUGH_TURN_OD icon.</p>
            <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/create_op_op_icons.gif"></p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Near the bottom of that same Create Operation dialog, I set the following:</p>
            <ul>
               <li>
                  <p class="para_item">Program is set to Program, which is the name of my program in the program order view.</p>
               </li>
               <li>
                  <p class="para_item">Use Geometry is set to Workpiece, which is the name of the object in the geometry view where I defined the part and blank boundaries.</p>
               </li>
               <li>
                  <p class="para_item">Use Tool is set to the name of the OD roughing tool that I created in the machine tool view.</p>
               </li>
               <li>
                  <p class="para_item">Use Method is set to the LATHE_ROUGH method in the method view.</p>
               </li>
               <li>
                  <p class="para_item">NAME defaults to a ROUGH_TURN_OD name determined by the system, but I can type in another new name if I want to. &nbsp;I accept the default.</p>
               </li>
               <li>
                  <p class="para_item">When I select the OK button on the Create Operation dialog, the ROUGH_TURN_OD operation dialog appears.</p>
               </li>
               <li>
                  <p class="para_item">Set the cut pattern. &nbsp;On this ROUGH_TURN_OD operation dialog, I first select the icon that gives me the type of cut pattern that I want. &nbsp;I select the Linear Zig icon, which will create parallel cuts in the same direction. &nbsp;I want to rough toward the head stock, which is from right to left on the machine that I am programming.</p>
               </li>
            </ul>
            <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/create_op_rough_patts.gif"></p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Check the level angle. &nbsp;I always check the angle of cut in the Level Angle option to make sure that the direction of cut is correct. &nbsp;In this case, I know that when I selected the ROUGH_TURN_OD icon to create this operation, the level angle value was pre-set to 180 degrees, which is correct for my case. &nbsp;This angle must be set correctly before the system can correctly determine the cut region.</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Look at the cut region. The Turning system is smart and is designed to automatically determine and suggest a cut region. &nbsp;It will consider &nbsp;1) the current tool shape, &nbsp;2) the part geometry shape, and &nbsp;3) the current shape of the workpiece (IPW) and can determine the cut region(s) to be turned by the current tool. &nbsp;So, to cause the Turning system to suggest a cut region, I find the Cut Regions section of the dialog and select the Display button to see what the Turning system thinks can be cut. &nbsp;I like this capability because I don't have to pick and re-pick geometry in each operation, and that saves me a lot of time.</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Knowing that I had previously faced the part, the Turning system displays the autodetected cut region for this OD roughing operation, shown below.</p>
            <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/create_op_rough_2.gif"></p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Modify the cut region. &nbsp;I want to shorten this cut region so that the cutter just cuts beyond the largest diameter of the part and stays away from the chuck. To do this, I use the containment capability (found on the roughing dialog) which allows me to modify the autodetected cut region.</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Setting a trim point. &nbsp;In addition to shortening this cut region, I also want to form a 45 degree angle at that shortened end. &nbsp;This angle will eliminate the creation of rings when I rough the backside of the part later. &nbsp;So, in the Containment dialog, I activate Trim Point 1 and define it by selecting the lower left end of the round (arc) on the left side of the largest diameter of the part. &nbsp;I then activate Angle 1 and set its value to 135 degrees.</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">I then select the Display Cut Regions button at the bottom of the Containment dialog to see the resultant cut region  <img align="bottom" src="graphics/num_1.gif" border="0">. Note the trim point and angle at  <img align="bottom" src="graphics/num_2.gif" border="0">.
            </p>
            <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/create_op_trim_point.gif"></p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">The cut region looks good so I select the OK button and the system returns to the ROUGH_TURN_OD dialog.</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Set the reversal mode. Now I want to prevent the cutter from descending down into the large groove on the OD of the part. &nbsp;This is an example of a reversal  <img align="bottom" src="graphics/num_1.gif" border="0"> in Turning. &nbsp;So I find the section on the dialog that controls reversals and set the Reversal Mode to Omit. &nbsp;This does not change the display of the cut region, but it does prevent the cutter from sliding down its heel angle and descending into that recessed region. Note the direction of the level angle  <img align="bottom" src="graphics/num_2.gif" border="0">.
            </p>
            <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/create_op_reversal.gif"></p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Set the undercut mode. I want to make sure the cutter does not enter into the OD face groove during roughing. &nbsp;To prevent this, I select the button named Cutting and on the Cutting dialog, I make sure that the Undercut option is not active. &nbsp;Then I select OK to return to the ROUGH_TURN_OD dialog.</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Check the cut depth. &nbsp;I set the Cut Depth option to Variable Avg because this causes the Turning system to match cut levels to diameters on the part. &nbsp;In the shop, this reduces wasted time by eliminating very thin cuts. &nbsp;This is a very good option and should be the default setting.</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Set the cut depth range. &nbsp;The Variable Avg cut depth requires a minimum cut depth and a maximum cut depth. &nbsp;The minimum can be set to zero, but the minimum and the maximum should not be equal.</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Set the speeds and feeds. &nbsp;I select the Feed Rates button and set the spindle speed (Speeds tab) and all the feed rates (General tab) that I want. &nbsp;I check that the spindle direction is set to automatic and is correct.</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Set the stock. &nbsp;To make sure that the roughing operation leaves the desired amount of stock for the finishing operations later, I select the Stock button and examine the settings. &nbsp;On the Stock dialog, I set the desired amount of face and radial stock in the Rough Stock section. &nbsp;Then I select OK and return to the ROUGH_TURN_OD dialog.</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Generate the tool path. &nbsp;I select the Generate icon &nbsp; <img align="bottom" src="graphics/ico_t_generate_toolpath.gif" border="0"> on the dialog to create and display the tool path. Notice that the cutter does not descend down into the reversal.
            </p>
            <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/create_op_tool_path.gif"></p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">Verify the tool path. &nbsp;Before I accept the operation, I check it by selecting the Verify button.</p>
            <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/create_op_gen_verify.gif"></p>
            <p class="para_item">Accept the operation. &nbsp;It looks good in Verify, so I select OK and return to the ROUGH_TURN_OD dialog. &nbsp;There I select OK to accept the operation and tool path.</p>
         </li>
         <li>
            <p class="para_item">View the in-process workpiece (IPW)  <img align="bottom" src="graphics/num_1.gif" border="0">. &nbsp;The Turning system updates the in-process workpiece (IPW) to show what material remains after the roughing operation that I just created. &nbsp;I like to see that resultant workpiece shape before proceeding on to the next operation. &nbsp;I want to make sure it is correct because it will be automatically passed to the next operation in sequence as the workpiece shape for the next operation. &nbsp;To display the new workpiece shape, I place the cursor on the roughing operation that I just created and press MB3. &nbsp;This brings up a dialog and I select Workpiece near the bottom of that dialog. &nbsp;Then I select Show 2D in the next dialog and the system displays a complete 2D silhouette shape of the workpiece. &nbsp;It looks good. &nbsp;Try the Show 3D option.
            </p>
            <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/create_op_ipw.gif"></p>
            <p class="para_item">I have now successfully generated a typical roughing operation.</p>
         </li>
      </ol>
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