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      <title>Defining the Finite Elements</title>
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      <div class="title_topic2" id="xps10_pagetitle">Defining the Finite Elements</div>
      <hr noshade="true">
      <div class="title_division">The CBAR Entry</div><a name="gsprelim_9843"></a><p class="para_division">Elements are defined in the Bulk Data Section of the input file.  The format of the CBAR simple beam element is as follows:      </p>
      <table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1" width="100%" align="center">
         <colgroup span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
         </colgroup>
         <thead>
            <tr>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_td">1</p>
               </td>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">2</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">3</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">4</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">5</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">6</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">7</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">8</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">9</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">10</p>
               </th>
            </tr>
         </thead>
         <tbody>
            <tr>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9866"></a><p class="para_td">CBAR</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9868"></a><p class="para_td">EID</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9870"></a><p class="para_td">PID</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9872"></a><p class="para_td">GA</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9874"></a><p class="para_td">GB</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9876"></a><p class="para_td">X1</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9878"></a><p class="para_td">X2</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9880"></a><p class="para_td">X3</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9888"></a><p class="para_td">PA</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9890"></a><p class="para_td">PB</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9892"></a><p class="para_td">W1A</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9894"></a><p class="para_td">W2A</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9896"></a><p class="para_td">W3A</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9898"></a><p class="para_td">W1B</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9900"></a><p class="para_td">W2B</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9902"></a><p class="para_td">W3B</p>
               </td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
            </tr>
         </tbody>
      </table><br><table cellpadding="6" width="100%" align="center">
         <colgroup span="1">
            <col span="1" width="65*">
            <col span="1" width="134*">
         </colgroup>
         <tr>
            <th align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
               <p class="para_th">Field</p>
            </th>
            <th align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
               <p class="para_th">Contents</p>
            </th>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9911"></a><p class="para_td">EID</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9913"></a><p class="para_td">Unique element identification number. (Integer &gt; 0)</p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9915"></a><p class="para_td">PID</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9917"></a><p class="para_td">Property identification number of a PBAR entry. (Integer &gt; 0 or blank; Default is EID unless BAROR entry has nonzero entry in field 3)</p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9919"></a><p class="para_td">GA, GB</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9921"></a><p class="para_td">Grid point identification numbers of connection points. (Integer &gt; 0; GA &ne;GB)</p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9926"></a><p class="para_td">X1, X2, X3</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9932"></a><p class="para_td">Components of orientation vector <img align="bottom" src="graphics/gsprelim47.gif" border="0">  , from GA, in the displacement coordinate system at GA. (Real)
               </p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9934"></a><p class="para_td">G0</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9939"></a><p class="para_td">Alternate method to supply the orientation vector <img align="bottom" src="graphics/gsprelim48.gif" border="0">  using grid point G0. Direction of <img align="bottom" src="graphics/gsprelim49.gif" border="0">  is from GA to G0. (Integer &gt; 0)
               </p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9944"></a><p class="para_td">PA, PB</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9946"></a><p class="para_td">Pin flags for bar ends A and B, respectively. Used to remove connections between the grid point and selected degrees of freedom of the bar. The degrees of freedom are defined in the element&rsquo;s coordinate system. The bar must have stiffness associated with the PA and PB degrees of freedom to be released by the pin flags. For example, if PA&nbsp;=&nbsp;4 is specified, the PBAR entry must have a value for J, the torsional stiffness. (Up to 5 of the unique Integers 1 through 6 anywhere in the field with no embedded blanks; Integer &gt; 0)</p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9948"></a><p class="para_td">W1A, W2A, W3A, W1B, W2B, W3B</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_9956"></a><p class="para_td">Components of offset vectors <img align="bottom" src="graphics/gsprelim50.gif" border="0">  and <img align="bottom" src="graphics/gsprelim52.gif" border="0">  , respectively, in displacement coordinate systems at points GA and GB, respectively. (Real or blank)
               </p>
            </td>
         </tr>
      </table><br><a name="gsprelim_9957"></a><p class="para_division">The property identification number (PID) is arbitrarily chosen to be 101&mdash;this label points to a PBAR beam property entry.  The same PID is used for each of the three CBAR elements.</p><a name="gsprelim_9958"></a><p class="para_division">GA and GB are entered for each beam element, starting with GA (end A) of CBAR element 1 at (0., 0., 0.).  Recall that the direction of the X-element axis is defined as the direction from GA to GB.</p><a name="gsprelim_9962"></a><p class="para_division">The beam orientation vector <img align="bottom" src="graphics/gsprelim53.gif" border="0">  , described by GA and the components X1, X2, and X3, is arbitrarily chosen by setting X1 = 0.0, X2 = 1.0, and X3 = 0.0.  Orientation vector <img align="bottom" src="graphics/gsprelim54.gif" border="0">   is shown in Figure <a class="links" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="top.openFile('get_start/02topic_6.html#gsprelim_10033');return(false);">1-</a>.
      </p><a name="gsprelim_10033"></a><div class="figure">
         <p align="left"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/gsprelim55.gif"></p>
      </div>
      <div class="title_figure">Figure. </div>
      <p class="para_division"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/gsprelim6.gif" border="0"></p>
      <p class="para_division">and x<sub class="subscript">elem</sub> Defines Plane 1 and the y<sub class="subscript">elem</sub> Axis
      </p><a name="gsprelim_10040"></a><p class="para_division">Plane 1 is thus formed by <img align="bottom" src="graphics/gsprelim8.gif" border="0"></p>
      <p class="para_division">and the x-element axis.  The y-element axis (y<sub class="subscript">elem</sub>) is perpendicular to the x-element axis and lies in plane 1.
      </p><a name="gsprelim_10044"></a><p class="para_division">Plane 2 is perpendicular to plane 1, and the z-element axis (z<sub class="subscript">elem</sub>) is formed by the cross product of the x-element and y-element axes.
      </p><a name="gsprelim_10126"></a><p class="para_division">The completed CBAR entries are written as follows:      </p>
      <table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1" width="100%" align="center">
         <colgroup span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
         </colgroup>
         <thead>
            <tr>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_td">1</p>
               </td>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">2</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">3</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">4</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">5</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">6</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">7</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">8</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">9</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">10</p>
               </th>
            </tr>
         </thead>
         <tbody>
            <tr>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10067"></a><p class="para_td">CBAR</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10069"></a><p class="para_td">1</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10071"></a><p class="para_td">101</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10073"></a><p class="para_td">1</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10075"></a><p class="para_td">2</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10077"></a><p class="para_td">0.</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10079"></a><p class="para_td">1.</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10081"></a><p class="para_td">0.</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10087"></a><p class="para_td">CBAR</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10089"></a><p class="para_td">2</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10091"></a><p class="para_td">101</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10093"></a><p class="para_td">2</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10095"></a><p class="para_td">3</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10097"></a><p class="para_td">0.</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10099"></a><p class="para_td">1.</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10101"></a><p class="para_td">0.</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10107"></a><p class="para_td">CBAR</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10109"></a><p class="para_td">3</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10111"></a><p class="para_td">101</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10113"></a><p class="para_td">3</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10115"></a><p class="para_td">4</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10117"></a><p class="para_td">0.</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10119"></a><p class="para_td">1.</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10121"></a><p class="para_td">0.</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
            </tr>
         </tbody>
      </table><br><a name="gsprelim_10127"></a><p class="para_division">Or, in free field format, the CBAR entries appear as:</p><a name="gsprelim_10128"></a><pre class="indent">
    CBAR,1,101,1,2,0.,1.,0.
  
    CBAR,2,101,2,3,0.,1.,0.

    CBAR,3,101,3,4,0.,1.,0.
</pre><a name="gsprelim_10131"></a><p class="para_division">Continuations of the CBAR entries are not required since pin flags and offset vectors are not used in this model.</p>
      <div class="title_division">The PBAR Entry</div><a name="gsprelim_10263"></a><p class="para_division">The format of the PBAR entry is as follows:      </p>
      <table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1" width="100%" align="center">
         <colgroup span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
         </colgroup>
         <thead>
            <tr>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_td">1</p>
               </td>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">2</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">3</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">4</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">5</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">6</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">7</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">8</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">9</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">10</p>
               </th>
            </tr>
         </thead>
         <tbody>
            <tr>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10158"></a><p class="para_td">PBAR</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10160"></a><p class="para_td">PID</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10162"></a><p class="para_td">MID</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10164"></a><p class="para_td">A</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10166"></a><p class="para_td">I1</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10168"></a><p class="para_td">I2</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10170"></a><p class="para_td">J</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10172"></a><p class="para_td">NSM</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10180"></a><p class="para_td">C1</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10182"></a><p class="para_td">C2</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10184"></a><p class="para_td">D1</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10186"></a><p class="para_td">D2</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10188"></a><p class="para_td">El</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10190"></a><p class="para_td">E2</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10192"></a><p class="para_td">F1</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10194"></a><p class="para_td">F2</p>
               </td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10200"></a><p class="para_td">K1</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10202"></a><p class="para_td">K2</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10204"></a><p class="para_td">I12</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
            </tr>
         </tbody>
      </table><br><table cellpadding="8" width="100%" align="center">
         <colgroup span="1">
            <col span="1" width="44*">
            <col span="1" width="154*">
         </colgroup>
         <tr>
            <th align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
               <p class="para_th">Field</p>
            </th>
            <th align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
               <p class="para_th">Contents</p>
            </th>
         </tr>
         <tr valign="top">
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10223"></a><p class="para_td">PID</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10225"></a><p class="para_td">Property identification number. (Integer &gt; 0)</p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr valign="top">
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10227"></a><p class="para_td">MID</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10229"></a><p class="para_td">Material identification number. (Integer &gt; 0)</p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr valign="top">
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10231"></a><p class="para_td">A</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10233"></a><p class="para_td">Area of bar cross section. (Real)</p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr valign="top">
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10235"></a><p class="para_td">I1, I2, I12</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10246"></a><p class="para_td">Area moments of inertia. </p>
               <p class="para_td">(Real; I1&ge;0.0</p>
               <p class="para_td"> I2&ge;0.0</p>
               <p class="para_td">I1 ·I2&gt;I12<sup class="superscript">2</sup>  )
               </p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr valign="top">
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10248"></a><p class="para_td">J</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10250"></a><p class="para_td">Torsional constant. (Real)</p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr valign="top">
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10252"></a><p class="para_td">NSM</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10254"></a><p class="para_td">Nonstructural mass per unit length. (Real)</p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr valign="top">
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10256"></a><p class="para_td">K1, K2</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10258"></a><p class="para_td">Area factor for shear. (Real)</p>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr valign="top">
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10260"></a><p class="para_td">Ci, Di, Ei, Fi</p>
            </td>
            <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10262"></a><p class="para_td">Stress recovery coefficients. (Real; Default = 0.0)</p>
            </td>
         </tr>
      </table><br><a name="gsprelim_10264"></a><p class="para_division">For our model, the property ID (PID) is 101, as called out on the CBAR entry.  The material ID (MID) is arbitrarily chosen to be 201&mdash;this label points to a MAT1 entry.  The beam&rsquo;s cross sectional area A is entered in field 4, and the torsional constant J is entered in field 7.  The beam has no nonstructural mass (NSM), so column 8 is left blank.</p><a name="gsprelim_10265"></a><p class="para_division">Now you will specify I1 and I2 in fields 5 and 6.  Recall that the choice of orientation vector <img align="bottom" src="graphics/gsprelim14.gif" border="0"> is arbitrary.  What is not arbitrary is getting each value of I to match its correct plane.  I1 is the moment of inertia for bending in plane 1 (which is the same as bending about the z axis, as it was probably called in your strength of materials class).  Similarly, I2 is the moment of inertia for bending in plane 2 (about the y axis).  Thus, I1 = I<sub class="subscript">Z </sub>= 0.667 in, and I2= I<sub class="subscript">y</sub> = 0.1667in.
      </p><a name="gsprelim_10275"></a><p class="para_division">As a check for this model, think of plane 1 in this problem as the &ldquo;stiff plane&rdquo; (larger value of I) and plane 2 as the &ldquo;not-as-stiff&rdquo; plane (smaller value of I).  </p><a name="gsprelim_10278"></a><p class="para_division">Stress recovery coefficients are user-selected coordinates located on the bar&rsquo;s element y-z plane at which stresses are calculated by NX Nastran.  We will choose the following two points (there is no requirement that all four available points must be used):</p><a name="gsprelim_10312"></a><p class="para_division"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/gsprelim17.gif" border="0"></p><a name="gsprelim_10313"></a><p class="para_division">Finally, the problem statement requires that we investigate the effect of shear deflection.  To add shear deflection to the bar, we include appropriate values of K1 and K2 on the second continuation of the PBAR entry.  For a rectangular cross section, K1 = K2 = 5/6.</p><a name="gsprelim_10314"></a><p class="para_division">Leaving K1 and K2 blank results in default values of infinity (i.e., transverse shear flexibility is set equal to zero).  This means that no deflection due to shear will occur.</p><a name="gsprelim_10376"></a><p class="para_division">The completed PBAR entry is written as follows (no shear deflection):      </p>
      <table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1" width="100%" align="center">
         <colgroup span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
         </colgroup>
         <thead>
            <tr>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_td">1</p>
               </td>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">2</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">3</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">4</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">5</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">6</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">7</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">8</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">9</p>
               </th>
               <th colspan="1" rowspan="1">
                  <p class="para_th">10</p>
               </th>
            </tr>
         </thead>
         <tbody>
            <tr>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10337"></a><p class="para_td">PBAR</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10339"></a><p class="para_td">101</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10341"></a><p class="para_td">201</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10343"></a><p class="para_td">2.</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10345"></a><p class="para_td">.667</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10347"></a><p class="para_td">.1667</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10349"></a><p class="para_td">.458</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10359"></a><p class="para_td">1.</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10361"></a><p class="para_td">.5</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10363"></a><p class="para_td">-1.</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10365"></a><p class="para_td">.5</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
            </tr>
         </tbody>
      </table><br><a name="gsprelim_10438"></a><p class="para_division">To add shear deflection, a second continuation is added:      </p>
      <table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1" width="100%" align="center">
         <colgroup span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
            <col span="1">
         </colgroup>
         <tbody>
            <tr>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10379"></a><p class="para_td">PBAR</p>
               </td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10381"></a><p class="para_td">101</p>
               </td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10383"></a><p class="para_td">201</p>
               </td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10385"></a><p class="para_td">2.</p>
               </td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10387"></a><p class="para_td">.667</p>
               </td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10389"></a><p class="para_td">.1667</p>
               </td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10391"></a><p class="para_td">.458</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10401"></a><p class="para_td">1.</p>
               </td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10403"></a><p class="para_td">.5</p>
               </td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10405"></a><p class="para_td">-1.</p>
               </td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10407"></a><p class="para_td">.5</p>
               </td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10421"></a><p class="para_td">.8333</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><a name="gsprelim_10423"></a><p class="para_td">.8333</p>
               </td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
               <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></td>
            </tr>
         </tbody>
      </table><br><a name="gsprelim_10439"></a><p class="para_division">In free field format, the PBAR entry is written as follows:</p><a name="gsprelim_10440"></a><pre class="indent">
    PBAR,101,201,2.,.667,.1667,.458
  
        ,1.,.5,-1.,.5
  
        ,.8333,.8333
</pre></body>
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