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      <title>Area Using Curves</title>
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      <div class="title_topic3" id="xps10_pagetitle">Area Using Curves</div>
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      <p class="para_topic">Calculates and displays geometric properties of planar figures. This function analyzes figures after projecting them onto the XC-YC plane (the work plane). True lengths, areas, etc., are obtained by changing the WCS so that the work plane is parallel to the plane of the figure.</p>
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            <td valign="top" align="left"><img align="left" src="../graphics/note.gif" alt="Note" title="Note"></td>
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                  <p class="para_note_body">The distance from the WCS origin may affect the results of using this option. For best results, the WCS origin should be close to the curves being analyzed.</p>
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               <p class="para_th">Option</p>
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               <p class="para_th">Description</p>
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               <p class="para_td">Perimeter/Area</p>
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               <p class="para_td">Obtains the area and perimeter of a 2D-closed planar figure.</p>
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               <p class="para_td"> <a class="links" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="top.openFile('nx_analysis/ana_areaucurv_centroid_r.html');return(false);">Centroid/1st Moment</a></p>
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               <p class="para_td">The center of mass, or centroid.</p>
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               <p class="para_td"> <a class="links" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="top.openFile('nx_analysis/ana_areaucurv_moments_r.html');return(false);">Moments of Inertia</a></p>
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               <p class="para_td">Calculates the moments of inertia, or second moments, of the specified region about the XC and YC axes.</p>
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               <p class="para_td"> <a class="links" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="top.openFile('nx_analysis/ana_areaucurv_product_r.html');return(false);">Product of Inertia</a></p>
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               <p class="para_td">Calculates the product of inertia of the specified region relative to the XC and YC axes.</p>
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               <p class="para_td">Principal Axes/Moments</p>
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               <p class="para_td">The principal axes are axes through the centroid such that the product of inertia relative to these axes would be zero. The moments of inertia relative to these axes, the principal moments, are the maximum and minimum of the moments of inertia of all planar axes through the centroid.</p>
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               <p class="para_td"> <a class="links" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="top.openFile('nx_analysis/ana_areaucurv_radius_r.html');return(false);">Radius of Gyration</a></p>
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               <p class="para_td">Calculates the radius of gyration.</p>
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               <p class="para_td">Circle Size</p>
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               <p class="para_td">Displays the parameters of the smallest circle around a given planar figure and indicates the: Diameter, Center XC, and Center YC.</p>
               <p class="para_td">The smallest circle surrounding the polygon is determined by using the longest diagonal line as the circle diameter.</p>
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               <p class="para_td">Create Centroid/Axes</p>
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               <p class="para_td">The centroid and principal axes temporarily display when calculated. With this option, you can make permanent objects of the centroid (a point) and/or the principal axes (a coordinate system).</p>
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               <p class="para_td">List All</p>
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               <p class="para_td">Displays the calculated data for all the Area Properties - Using Curves options</p>
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      </table><br><p class="para_topic">Data displayed in the Information window is converted to the current units. If you change the unit settings using Analysis&rarr;Units, information is displayed in the new units.</p>
      <div class="title_division">Using Area Using Curves</div>
      <p class="para_division">To use the Area Using Curves options, you must first indicate the boundary type for the curves to be analyzed. Choose from:</p>
      <div class="title_division">Boundary Options</div>
      <p class="para_division">When you specify a figure for analysis, remember that the direction you take along a sub-boundary is defined during selection. Select islands to go in the opposite direction from the outermost sub-boundary.</p>
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            <td valign="top" align="left"><img align="left" src="../graphics/note.gif" alt="Note" title="Note"></td>
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                  <p class="para_note_body">Each time you want to select a new boundary string you must click on the New Boundary button to let the system know that its a new string.</p>
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      <p class="para_division">In specifying the boundary, you must enter the boundary tolerance. If the boundary contains objects other than lines and arcs that are in the viewing plane, this tolerance value is used to construct a linear approximation of the curves. Smaller tolerances require more time to process, but produce a more accurate analysis.</p>
      <div class="title_division">Boundary Definition Conventions</div>
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         <p align="center"><img align="bottom" src="graphics/ana_infoat57.gif"></p>
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      <div class="title_figure">Boundary Definition - Area Properties Using Curves</div>
      <p class="para_division">If sub-boundary A is counterclockwise, sub-boundaries B, C and D should be clockwise. Sub-boundary E, nested within B, should be counterclockwise. The shaded region designates the figure to be analyzed.</p>
      <div class="title_division">Bounded Plane Options</div>
      <p class="para_division">The bounded plane options create either a permanent or temporary bounded plane (or planes) from the curves.</p>
      <p class="para_division">When done creating the bounded plane(s), select Cancel. The bounded plane must be parallel to the work plane (XC-YC plane). Otherwise, an error message is displayed:</p>
      <p class="para_division">:CURVES NOT PARALLEL TO WORK PLANE</p>
      <div class="title_division">Tips and Techniques</div>
      <p class="para_division">Use the following techniques to create good boundaries and analysis results. </p>
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            <p class="para_item">Create PERMANENT BOUNDARY entities. Check the direction arrows. They should all be near the midpoints of the respective curves and all be located on the inside or outside of the loop. Then do the analysis using TEMPORARY BOUNDARIES and select the EXISTING BOUNDARIES.</p>
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            <p class="para_item">For islands, create PERMANENT BOUNDARY entities for each island separately and another PERMANENT BOUNDARY entity for the outer boundary. Check to see that the direction arrows of the islands all agree and are opposite to the direction arrows of the outer boundary. Then do the analysis.</p>
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            <p class="para_item">For two-curve loops, it's best to do chaining. That way the direction of the loop is determined by the end of the start curve for the &quot;chain.&quot; If the two curves are selected one by one, the direction of the loop is somewhat arbitrary.</p>
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